National Latin Exam

CHILDHOOD

• Pupus/Pupa- Name given to newborn children until their 9th day.
• Dies Lustricus - Ninth day after a pupa/-us was born when s/he was named.
• Bulla- A protective gold charm worn by young boys until they took the Toga Virilis
• Toga Praetexta- A purple bordered toga worn by wealthy young boys until manhood. (Also worn by Senators.)
• Toga Virilis / Toga Libera - Toga of manhood assumed at the ages of 15, 16, or 17 (when his father judged him mature) a boy would be given this special white toga and be taken to be enrolled as a voting citizen.

DINING

• Triclinium - A dining room usually containing 3 dining couches (lecti).
• lentaculum - Breakfast. consisting usually of hard bread or adipata (honey dipped baked dough similar to "elephant ears").
• Prandium -Lunch. usually a snack left over from the previous night.
• Cena- Dinner
• Gustus- Appetizers, consisting usually of vegetables and an egg dish.
• Prima Mensa- The main course (fish, pork, poultry. etc.)
• Secunda Mensa- Dessert (nuts, fruit - often apples)
• Ab ovo usque ad mala- From eggs to apples-Term for a complete Roman meal.

BATHING

• Balneum- A small bath house
• Thermae- A large bath house
• TEPIDARIUM- A warm waiting room in the bath
• CALDARIUM- A hot steam room (sauna).
• FRIGIDARIUM- A cold plunge-pool.
• Strigiles- A ring of body scrapers used to scrape off oil and sweat

MARRIAGE

• Usus- The simplest form, called Common Law marriage
• Coemptio- Imitates the purchase of the bride from the father.
• Confarreatio- The most elaborate form. Auspices were read by an Augur, and a Flamen presided.
• Ubi tu Gaius, Ego Gaia- Words of consent
• Flammeum- Flame-colored veil worn by the bride who also wore matching red slippers