Moods Grammar Index Page

Hints for Translating a Subjunctive Verb

Most often the subjunctive in translation looks like the indicative mood. Variations are indicated below; a blank means that the specific tense cannot be used for this subjunctive function. E.G, The Hortatory/Iussive Subjunctive can only have a present subjunctive form.

Tense Hortatory Iussive Purpose Clause Indirect Command Result Clause Indirect Question Clause Cum Clause Si (If clause)
Present Subj. let-, may-, should-,
is to-, are to- + meaning
may-,
in order to-, to-
to- present indicative present indicative present indicative should-, were to-
Imperfect Subj.   might-,
in order to-, to-
to- imperfect indicative imperfect indicative imperfect indicative  
Perfect Subj.       Perfect indicative Perfect indicative Perfect indicative  
Pluperfect Subj.       Pluperfect indicative Pluperfect indicative had-, would have-  

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