Verbs

Irregular Verbs

The Family of Sum

• sum, esse, fuî, futurus   = 'to be'
• possum, possee, potui, ________   = 'to be able'
• absum, abesse, afuî, ________   = 'to be away, to be absent'
• adsum, adesse, adfuî   = 'to be near, to be present'
• desum, deesse,defuî, ________   = 'to be away, to be absent'

The Family of Volo

• volo, velle, volui, ________   means 'to want'
• nolo, nolle, nolui, ________   means 'to not want'
• malo malle malui, ________   means 'to want more' therefore 'to prefer'.

n and m can help you recall the distinctions.
Both malo and nolo forms relate to those of volo.

Find more details about The Family of Sum
Find more details about Volo,Nolo and Malo

Eo & Fero

The verb 'eo', meaning 'I go', is irregular in that the stem is but one letter. The 'e' exists only in 'eo' and 'eunt'.
There are two ways of seeing the root of the perfect active stem. 'îvî' or 'iî' Both are correct. Early Latin tends to use the îivî
Note too that since the fourth principal part ends in 'urus', this is an intransitive verb, meaning that there is no passive form and there will never be an direct object.
        eo, îre, îvî OR iî, îturus   = 'to go'

Spin offs from 'eo' are 'redeo' (the 'd' helps the transitive between the 'e' and 'o'., -go back, 'ineo'-go in, 'exeo - go out, 'adeo' - approach (go to)

As with all verbs, the perfect system as with all verbs, regular and irregular, is normal...perfectly normal. Add the perfect, pluperfect and future perfect endings to the 3rd principal part after removing the final -i.

PRESENT TENSE:

IMPERFECT TENSE:

FUTURE TENSE:

The verb 'fero', meaning 'I carry', is irregular in the present active and passive forms.
        fero, ferre, tulî, latus   = 'to carry, bear'

Spin offs from 'fero' are 'affero' (bring, introduce) 'refero'(bromg back, return) 'infero' (bring in, introduce) 'confero (bring together) effero (carry out, bring out) and defero (bring down, carry away).

As with all verbs, the perfect system as with all verbs, regular and irregular, is normal...perfectly normal. Add the perfect, pluperfect and future perfect endings to the 3rd principal part after removing the final -i.
For the perfect passive forms, use the fourth principal part, latus, its appropriate adjective ending determined by the subject and the appropriate tense of the verb 'to be'.

^ Grammatica