Exercise 30h

1. Very loud laughter was heard from the kitchen by the children.
Cachinnus maximus e culina a liberis audiebatur.

Grammatical situation	English	Latin	Parsing
Subject	laughter	cachinnus	Nominative masculine singular 2nd declension
Modifier	very loud	maximus	Nominative masculine singular 2nd declension
Verb	was heard	audiebatur	3rd person singular imperfect passive (note that you do not need being for the word to be passive; ask who or what is doing the action. If it is not the subject, the verb is passive.
Agent	children	a liberîs	ablative of agent, preposition a is used because agent is a person
Prepositonal phrase	from the kitchen	e culinâ	abl. with e, ex - from, out of

2. The slaves were amused by a very good joke.
Servi ioco optimo delectabantur.

Grammatical situation	English	Latin	Parsing
Subject	slaves	Servi	masculine plural nominative 2nd declension
Modifier	none
Verb	were amused	dêlectâbantur	3rd person plural imperfect passive
Agent	joke	iocô	ablative singular, a, ab not used since agent is not a person
Modifier	very good	optimô	ablative singular

3. If Pseudolus buys a lot, the price will be reduced by the butcher
Si Pseudolus multum emet, pretium a lanio minuetur.

Grammatical situation	English	Latin	Parsing
Subject	Price	Pretium	neuter singular nominative 2nd declension
Modifier	none
Verb	will be reduced	minuetur	3rd person singular future passive
Agent	butcher	a laniô	butcher is a person, hence a + ablative
Conditional clause	If Pseudolus	Si Pseudolus	Si=if; Pseudolus - nominative singular proper name
Direct Object	a lot	multum	accusative singular neuter - much stuff
verb	buys	emet	future to show he has not yet purchased anything.

4. You slaves are rightly called robbers.
Vos servi recte praedones vocamini.

Grammatical situation	English	Latin	Parsing
Subject	slaves	Servi	vocative plural masculine 2nd declension, direct address
Modifier	You	vos	vocative plural masculine pronoun
Adverb	rightly	recte	rectus - adjective form; drop -us, add -e to create adverb
Verb	are called	vocamini	you slaves is the subject and so the verb must be plural and 2nd person
Predicate Nominatve	robbers	praedones	Predicate nominative is usually used with the verb to be but with this passive voice it can also be used to describe the subject

5. That pig and this hare are handed over to Pseudolus.
Ille porcus et hic lepus Pseudolo traduntur.

Grammatical situation	English	Latin	Parsing
Subject 1	pig	porcus	masculine nominative singular 2nd declension
Modifier	that	ille	masculine nominative singular 2nd declension
Subject 2	hare	lepus	masculine nominative singular 2nd declension
Modifier	this	hic	masculine nominative singular 2nd declension
Verb	are handed over	traduntur	3rd person plural present passive voice
Indirect Object	to Pseudolus	Pseudolo	dative singular