Major Movements/Time Periods/Cultures Dance Music Theater Visual Arts Literature Ancient and lineage-based Cultures Near Eastern, African, European, Native American ritual inAfrican dance/ Native American dance Storytelling, Religious ritual and ceremony African Masks pyramids Gilgamesh Epic Pacific Rim Asian Cultures, China, Japan, India, Malaysia Noh Kabuki ceramics:China Japan Classical Greece and Rome 800 B.C.-400 A.D. Instructs and perfects humans: ritual worship. Presents the universal ideal of beauty through logic, order, reason, and moderation. Pythagoras music thoery tragedy: Sophocles Discus Thrower The Parthenon Homer Plato Islamic and Judaic 500-700 Worship without "graven images." Decorates surfaces of useful objects Islamic Architecture Torah Koran Bible (New Testament) Medieval 800-1400 Instructs in Christian faith. Appeals to the emotions, stresses importance of religion Tarantella Gregorian Chant Romanesque Gothic architecture Chaucer Dante Renaissance 1400-1600 Reconciles Christian faith and reason. Promotes "rebirth" of the classical ideal. Allows new freedom of thought. court dances beginning of polyphony Josquin des Prez Shakespeare Da Vinci Michelangelo Machiavelli Shakespeare Baroque 1580-1700 Rejects the limits of previous styles. Restores the power of the monarchy/church: excess, ornamentation,contrasts,tensions, energy. Development of ballet by Louis XIV counterpoint fugue Bach Vivaldi Rembrandt Shakespeare Neo-Classicism / "Classical" 1720-1827 Style in music. Reacts to the excesses of monarchy and ornamentation of the Baroque. Returns to nature/imagination: freedom, emotion, sentimentality, spontaneity; interest in the exotic, primitive and supernatural. Mozart Beethoven Haydn satire (Moliere): David Swift Romanticism 1760-1870 Revolts against neo-classical order/reason. Returns to nature/imagination; freedom, emotion, sentimentality, spontaneity; interest in the exotic, primitive and supernatural. Golden Age of Ballet Beethoven Tchaikovsky Wagner melodrama (vaudeville) Constable Dickinson Wordsworth Realism 1820-1920 Seeks the truth. Finds beauty in the commonplace. Focuses on the industrial revolution and the conditions of the working class. Folk and social dance Chekhov Courbet Cather Dickens Twain Impressionism and Post-Impressionism 1850-1920 Shows the effects of light and atmospheric conditions. Spontaneously captures a moment of time. Expresses reality in different ways. Debussy Monet Van Gogh Cassatt K. Chopin Crane Modern and Contemporary 1900-Present Breaks or re-defines the conventions of the past. Uses experimental techniques. Shows the diversity of society and the blending of cultures. Stravinsky jazz Ellington folk/popular Copland musical theater contemporary comedy/tragedy Picasso O'Keefe Lange Warhol Dali Wright Dunbar Eliot Giles Hughes Steinbeck R. P. Warren